home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- ************************************************************
- * Tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase signatures *
- ************************************************************
-
- Enzymes that participate in the transfer of one-carbon units are involved in
- various biosynthetic pathways. In many of these processes the transfers of
- one-carbon units are mediated by the coenzyme tetrahydrofolate (THF). Various
- reactions generate one-carbon derivatives of THF which can be interconverted
- between different oxidation states by formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase
- (EC 6.3.4.3), methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.5) and
- methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.9).
-
- The dehydrogenase and cyclohydrolase activities are expressed by a variety of
- multifunctional enzymes:
-
- - Eukaryotic C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase (C1-THF synthase), which catalyzes
- all three reactions described above. Two forms of C1-THF synthases are
- known [1], one is located in the mitochondrial matrix, while the second
- one is cytoplasmic. In both forms the dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase domain
- is located in the N-terminal section of the 900 amino acids protein and
- consists of about 300 amino acid residues. The C1-THF synthases are NADP-
- dependent.
- - Eukaryotic mitochondrial bifunctional dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase [2].
- This is an homodimeric NAD-dependent enzyme of about 300 amino acid
- residues.
- - Escherichia coli folD [3]. FolD is an homodimeric bifunctional NADP-
- dependent enzyme of about 290 amino acid residues.
-
- The sequence of the dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase domain is highly conserved
- in all forms of the enzyme. As signature patterns we selected two conserved
- regions. The first one is located in the N-terminal part of these enzymes and
- contains three acidic residues. The second pattern is a perfectly conserved
- sequence of 14 amino acids which is located in the C-terminal section. It must
- be noted that it, to the best of our knowledge, the longest perfectly
- conserved protein sequence segment shared by prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [EQ]-x-E-[LIVM](2)-x(2)-[LIVM]-x(2)-[LIVM]-N-x-D-x(5)-
- [LIVMF](3)-Q-L-P-[LV]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: I-T-P-V-P-G-G-V-G-P-M-T-V-A
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Last update: October 1993 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Shannon K.W., Rabinowitz J.C.
- J. Biol. Chem. 263:7717-7725(1988).
- [ 2] Belanger C., Mackenzie R.E.
- J. Biol. Chem. 264:4837-4843(1989).
- [ 2] d'Ari L., Rabinowitz J.C.
- J. Biol. Chem. 266:23953-23958(1991).
-